USE OF STEP-BY-STEP ENGLISH QUESTIONS AS A TYPE OF MEDICAL TEXT IN LEARNING PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH

Abstract

The article examines clinical cases (case reports) as a genre of authentic medical texts that has a high didactic potential in teaching English to medical students. It is noted that a case report is a clearly structured, logically constructed and functionally oriented type of text, close to the real conditions of professional activity, which makes it especially valuable for the formation of both linguistic and cognitive competencies. Working with clinical cases contributes to the development of academic writing, the ability to analyze, interpret and generalize information, and also expands the active vocabulary of students due to the contextual assimilation of specialized medical terminology. Such texts allow to simulate speech situations close to future medical practice, forming skills of oral argumentation, explanation of diagnosis, presentation of clinical data and choice of treatment tactics using professional language. The article describes in detail the stages of introducing case reports into the educational process: criteria for selection and adaptation of materials, types of tasks (reading, written summaries, discussion in pairs and groups), as well as the use of interactive teaching methods. The results of the practical application of this technique are discussed, including increasing students' language activity, improving structured presentation skills, increasing motivation and confidence in professional communication in English. Based on the analysis of the literature, the priority of using original texts, including clinical cases, as a basis for the formation of key professional competencies of students of higher medical educational institutions of Ukraine was determined. Therefore, considering training based on clinical cases, we focus on the development of critical thinking of medical students and the mandatory modeling of authentic professional communicative situations. It was concluded that the use of case reports is extremely important, since they reproduce the sequence of clinical thinking, which includes collecting anamnesis, formulating a diagnosis, making therapeutic decisions and interpreting clinical and laboratory data. This ensures the integration of language training with the professional orientation of the educational process, contributes to the development of the ability to work with scientific texts and conduct research, improves communication skills with patients and colleagues, prepares for work in an international environment, and also helps to adhere to medical ethics in different cultural contexts.